Overview
Melasma is a common skin condition characterized by dark, irregular patches of skin on the face, particularly on the cheeks, forehead, nose, and upper lip. It can occur on other parts of the body that are exposed to the sun, such as the neck and fore arms.
Causes:
The exact cause of melasma is not known, but it is believed to be related to hormonal changes, sun exposure, and genetic factors. Women are more likely to develop melasma than men, and it is particularly common during pregnancy (often referred to as "pregnancy mask").
Treatments Available
Topical medications: Hydroquinone is the most common topical medication used to treat melasma. It works by reducing the production of melanin in the skin. Other topical medications that may be used include tretinoin, azelaic acid, and kojic acid.
Laser therapy: Laser therapy uses a laser to target the pigmented cells in the skin, breaking them down and reducing the appearance of melasma. Different types of lasers can be used, depending on the severity of the melasma
Sun Protection: Protecting the skin from the sun is an important part of treating melasma. This can include wearing protective clothing, such as hats and long-sleeved shirts, and using a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30.
It is important to note that melasma can be a difficult condition to treat, and it may take several months of treatment before improvements are seen. It is also important to work closely with a dermatologist to determine the best treatment plan for your iindividual.
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